Problem Statement

For two strings A and B, let A+B denote the concatenation of A and B in this order.

You are given N strings S_1,\ldots,S_N. Modify and print them as follows, in the order i=1, \ldots, N:

• if none of S_1,\ldots,S_{i-1} is equal to S_i, print S_i;
• if X (X>0) of S_1,\ldots,S_{i-1} are equal to S_i, print S_i+ ( +X+ ), treating X as a string.

Constraints

• 1 \leq N \leq 2\times 10^5
• S_i is a string of length between 1 and 10 (inclusive) consisting of lowercase English letters.

Sample Input 1

5
newfile
newfile
newfolder
newfile
newfolder

Sample Output 1

newfile
newfile(1)
newfolder
newfile(2)
newfolder(1)

Sample Input 2

11
a
a
a
a
a
a
a
a
a
a
a

Sample Output 2

a
a(1)
a(2)
a(3)
a(4)
a(5)
a(6)
a(7)
a(8)
a(9)
a(10)

Problem Statement

You are given patterns S and T consisting of # and ., each with H rows and W columns.
The pattern S is given as H strings, and the j-th character of S_i represents the element at the i-th row and j-th column. The same goes for T.

Determine whether S can be made equal to T by rearranging the columns of S.

Here, rearranging the columns of a pattern X is done as follows.

• Choose a permutation P=(P_1,P_2,\dots,P_W) of (1,2,\dots,W).
• Then, for every integer i such that 1 \le i \le H, simultaneously do the following.
  • For every integer j such that 1 \le j \le W, simultaneously replace the element at the i-th row and j-th column of X with the element at the i-th row and P_j-th column.

Constraints

• H and W are integers.
• 1 \le H,W
• 1 \le H \times W \le 4 \times 10^5
• S_i and T_i are strings of length W consisting of # and ..

Sample Input 1

3 4
##.#
##..
#...
.###
..##
...#

Sample Output 1

Yes

If you, for instance, arrange the 3-rd, 4-th, 2-nd, and 1-st columns of S in this order from left to right, S will be equal to T.

Sample Input 2

3 3
#.#
.#.
#.#
##.
##.
.#.

Sample Output 2

No

In this input, S cannot be made equal to T.

Sample Input 3

2 1
#
.
#
.

Sample Output 3

Yes

It is possible that S=T.

Sample Input 4

8 7
#..#..#
.##.##.
#..#..#
.##.##.
#..#..#
.##.##.
#..#..#
.##.##.
....###
####...
....###
####...
....###
####...
....###
####...

Sample Output 4

Yes

Problem Statement

You are given an integer sequence A = (A_1, \dots, A_N) of length N.

Find the number of triplets of integers (i, j, k) satisfying all of the conditions below.

• 1 \leq i, j, k \leq N
• \frac{A_i}{A_j} = A_k

Constraints

• 1 \leq N \leq 2 \times 10^5
• 1 \leq A_i \leq 2 \times 10^5 \, (1 \leq i \leq N)
• All values in input are integers.

Sample Input 1

3
6 2 3

Sample Output 1

2

(i, j, k) = (1, 2, 3), (1, 3, 2) satisfy the conditions.

Sample Input 2

1
2

Sample Output 2

0

Sample Input 3

10
1 3 2 4 6 8 2 2 3 7

Sample Output 3

62

Problem Statement

A country has N cities and M power plants, which we collectively call places.
The places are numbered 1,2,\dots,N+M, among which Places 1,2,\dots,N are the cities and Places N+1,N+2,\dots,N+M are the power plants.

This country has E power lines. Power Line i (1 \le i \le E) connects Place U_i and Place V_i bidirectionally.
A city is said to be electrified if one can reach at least one of the power plants from the city using some power lines.

Now, Q events will happen. In the i-th (1 \le i \le Q) event, Power Line X_i breaks, making it unusable. Once a power line breaks, it remains broken in the succeeding events.

Find the number of electrified cities right after each events.

Constraints

• All values in input are integers.
• 1 \le N,M
• N+M \le 2 \times 10^5
• 1 \le Q \le E \le 5 \times 10^5
• 1 \le U_i < V_i \le N+M
• If i \neq j, then U_i \neq U_j or V_i \neq V_j.
• 1 \le X_i \le E
• X_i are distinct.

Sample Input 1

5 5 10
2 3
4 10
5 10
6 9
2 9
4 8
1 7
3 6
8 10
1 8
6
3
5
8
10
2
7

Sample Output 1

4
4
2
2
2
1

Initially, all cities are electrified.

• The 1-st event breaks Power Line 3 that connects Point 5 and Point 10.
  • Now City 5 is no longer electrified, while 4 cities remain electrified.
• The 2-nd event breaks Power Line 5 that connects Point 2 and Point 9.
• The 3-rd event breaks Power Line 8 that connects Point 3 and Point 6.
  • Now Cities 2 and 3 are no longer electrified, while 2 cities remain electrified.
• The 4-th event breaks Power Line 10 that connects Point 1 and Point 8.
• The 5-th event breaks Power Line 2 that connects Point 4 and Point 10.
• The 6-th event breaks Power Line 7 that connects Point 1 and Point 7.
  • Now City 1 is no longer electrified, while 1 city remains electrified.

Problem Statement

There is a grid with H rows and W columns. Initially, each integer from 1 to (H \times W) is written exactly once in the grid.
Specifically, for 1 \leq i \leq H and 1 \leq j \leq W, the cell at the i-th row from the top and the j-th column from the left contains S_{i,j}.
Below, let (i,j) denote the cell at the i-th row from the top and the j-th column from the left.

Determine if it is possible to reach a state where, for all pairs of integers (i,j) (1 \leq i \leq H, 1 \leq j \leq W),
the cell (i,j) contains the integer ((i-1) \times W + j) by repeating the following operation at most 20 times (possibly zero).
If it is possible, print the minimum number of operations required.
If it is impossible in 20 or fewer operations (including the case where it is impossible no matter how many times the operation is repeated), print -1.

Operation: Choose a rectangle of size (H-1) \times (W-1) from the grid and rotate it 180 degrees.
More precisely, choose integers x and y (0 \leq x, y \leq 1),
and for all pairs of integers (i,j) satisfying 1 \leq i \leq H-1 and 1 \leq j \leq W-1,
simultaneously replace the integer written in cell (i+x,j+y) with the number written in cell (H-i+x,W-j+y).

Note that it is only necessary for the integers written in the cells to satisfy the condition; the orientation in which they are written does not matter.

Constraints

• 3 \leq H,W \leq 8
• 1 \leq S_{i,j} \leq H \times W
• If (i,j) \neq (i',j'), then S_{i,j} \neq S_{i',j'}
• All input values are integers.

Sample Input 1

3 3
9 4 3
2 1 8
7 6 5

Sample Output 1

2

Operating in the following order will satisfy the conditions of the problem statement in 2 operations.

• Operate by choosing the rectangle in the top-left corner. That is, by choosing x=0 and y=0.
• Operate by choosing the rectangle in the bottom-right corner. That is, by choosing x=1 and y=1.

On the other hand, it is impossible to satisfy the conditions with one or fewer operations, so print 2.

Sample Input 2

4 6
15 18 1 14 3 4
23 24 19 8 9 12
13 2 17 6 5 16
21 22 7 20 11 10

Sample Output 2

-1

It is impossible to satisfy the conditions with 20 or fewer operations, so print -1.

Sample Input 3

4 6
1 4 13 16 15 18
21 20 9 12 23 10
17 14 5 6 3 2
11 22 7 24 19 8

Sample Output 3

20

Sample Input 4

4 3
1 2 3
4 5 6
7 8 9
10 11 12

Sample Output 4

0