Problem Statement

A string T of length 3 consisting of uppercase English letters is an airport code for a string S of lowercase English letters if and only if T can be derived from S by one of the following methods:

• Take a subsequence of length 3 from S (not necessarily contiguous) and convert it to uppercase letters to form T.
• Take a subsequence of length 2 from S (not necessarily contiguous), convert it to uppercase letters, and append X to the end to form T.

Given strings S and T, determine if T is an airport code for S.

Constraints

• S is a string of lowercase English letters with a length between 3 and 10^5, inclusive.
• T is a string of uppercase English letters with a length of 3.

Sample Input 1

narita
NRT

Sample Output 1

Yes

The subsequence nrt of narita, when converted to uppercase, forms the string NRT, which is an airport code for narita.

Sample Input 2

losangeles
LAX

Sample Output 2

Yes

The subsequence la of losangeles, when converted to uppercase and appended with X, forms the string LAX, which is an airport code for losangeles.

Sample Input 3

snuke
RNG

Sample Output 3

No

Problem Statement

There is a grid with H rows and W columns. Let (i, j) denote the square at the i-th row from the top and the j-th column from the left.
Initially, there was one cookie on each square inside a rectangle whose height and width were at least 2 squares long, and no cookie on the other squares.
Formally, there was exactly one quadruple of integers (a,b,c,d) that satisfied all of the following conditions.

• 1 \leq a \lt b \leq H
• 1 \leq c \lt d \leq W
• There was one cookie on each square (i, j) such that a \leq i \leq b, c \leq j \leq d, and no cookie on the other squares.

However, Snuke took and ate one of the cookies on the grid.
The square that contained that cookie is now empty.

As the input, you are given the state of the grid after Snuke ate the cookie.
The state of the square (i, j) is given as the character S_{i,j}, where # means a square with a cookie, and . means a square without one.
Find the square that contained the cookie eaten by Snuke. (The answer is uniquely determined.)

Constraints

• 2 \leq H, W \leq 500
• S_{i,j} is # or ..

Sample Input 1

5 6
......
..#.#.
..###.
..###.
......

Sample Output 1

2 4

Initially, cookies were on the squares inside the rectangle with (2, 3) as the top-left corner and (4, 5) as the bottom-right corner, and Snuke ate the cookie on (2, 4). Thus, you should print (2, 4).

Sample Input 2

3 2
#.
##
##

Sample Output 2

1 2

Initially, cookies were placed on the squares inside the rectangle with (1, 1) as the top-left corner and (3, 2) as the bottom-right corner, and Snuke ate the cookie at (1, 2).

Sample Input 3

6 6
..####
..##.#
..####
..####
..####
......

Sample Output 3

2 5

Problem Statement

Takahashi and Aoki are playing a game.

• First, Takahashi chooses an integer between A and B (inclusive) and tells it to Aoki.
• Next, Aoki chooses an integer between C and D (inclusive).
• If the sum of these two integers is a prime, then Aoki wins; otherwise, Takahashi wins.

When the two players play optimally, which player will win?

Constraints

• 1 \leq A \leq B \leq 100
• 1 \leq C \leq D \leq 100
• All values in input are integers.

Sample Input 1

2 3 3 4

Sample Output 1

Aoki

For example, if Takahashi chooses 2, Aoki can choose 3 to make the sum 5, which is a prime.

Sample Input 2

1 100 50 60

Sample Output 2

Takahashi

If they play optimally, Takahashi always wins.

Sample Input 3

3 14 1 5

Sample Output 3

Aoki

Problem Statement

Aoki, an employee at AtCoder Inc., has his salary for this month determined by an integer N and a sequence A of length N as follows.
First, he is given an N-sided die (dice) that shows the integers from 1 to N with equal probability, and a variable x=0.

Then, the following steps are repeated until terminated.

• Roll the die once and let y be the result.
  • If x<y, pay him A_y yen and let x=y.
  • Otherwise, terminate the process.

Aoki's salary for this month is the total amount paid through this process.
Find the expected value of Aoki's salary this month, modulo 998244353.

Constraints

• All inputs are integers.
• 1 \le N \le 3 \times 10^5
• 0 \le A_i < 998244353

Sample Input 1

3
3 2 6

Sample Output 1

776412280

Here is an example of how the process goes.

• Initially, x=0.
• Roll the die once, and it shows 1. Since 0<1, pay him A_1 = 3 yen and let x=1.
• Roll the die once, and it shows 3. Since 1<3, pay him A_3 = 6 yen and let x=3.
• Roll the die once, and it shows 1. Since 3 \ge 1, terminate the process.

In this case, his salary for this month is 9 yen.

It can be calculated that the expected value of his salary this month is \frac{49}{9} yen, whose representation modulo 998244353 is 776412280.

Sample Input 2

1
998244352

Sample Output 2

998244352

Sample Input 3

9
3 14 159 2653 58979 323846 2643383 27950288 419716939

Sample Output 3

545252774

Problem Statement

There are N cards numbered 1 through N. Each face of a card has an integer written on it; card i has A_i on its front and B_i on its back. Initially, all cards are face up.

There are M machines numbered 1 through M. Machine j has two (not necessarily distinct) integers X_j and Y_j between 1 and N. If you power up machine j, it flips card X_j with the probability of \frac{1}{2}, and flips card Y_j with the remaining probability of \frac{1}{2}. This probability is independent for each power-up.

Snuke will perform the following procedure.

1. Choose a set S consisting of integers from 1 through M.
2. For each element in S in ascending order, power up the machine with that number.

Among Snuke's possible choices of S, find the maximum expected value of the sum of the integers written on the face-up sides of the cards after the procedure.

Constraints

• 1\leq N \leq 40
• 1\leq M \leq 10^5
• 1\leq A_i,B_i \leq 10^4
• 1\leq X_j,Y_j \leq N
• All input values are integers.

Sample Input 1

3 1
3 10
10 6
5 2
1 2

Sample Output 1

19.500000

If S is chosen to be an empty set, no machine is powered up, so the expected sum of the integers written on the face-up sides of the cards after the procedure is 3+10+5=18.

If S is chosen to be \lbrace 1 \rbrace, machine 1 is powered up.

• If card X_1 = 1 is flipped, the expected sum of the integers written on the face-up sides of the cards after the procedure is 10+10+5=25.
• If card Y_1 = 2 is flipped, the expected sum of the integers written on the face-up sides of the cards after the procedure is 3+6+5=14.

Thus, the expected value is \frac{25+14}{2} = 19.5.

Therefore, the maximum expected value of the sum of the integers written on the face-up sides of the cards after the procedure is 19.5.

Sample Input 2

1 3
5 100
1 1
1 1
1 1

Sample Output 2

100.000000

Different machines may have the same (X_j,Y_j).

Sample Input 3

8 10
6918 9211
16 1868
3857 8537
3340 8506
6263 7940
1449 4593
5902 1932
310 6991
4 4
8 6
3 5
1 1
4 2
5 6
7 5
3 3
1 5
3 1

Sample Output 3

45945.000000