Problem Statement

You are given a 6-digit positive integer N.
Determine whether N satisfies all of the following conditions.

• Among the digits of N, the digit 1 appears exactly once.
• Among the digits of N, the digit 2 appears exactly twice.
• Among the digits of N, the digit 3 appears exactly three times.

Constraints

• N is an integer satisfying 100000 \le N \le 999999.

Sample Input 1

123233

Sample Output 1

Yes

123233 satisfies the conditions in the problem statement, so print Yes.

Sample Input 2

123234

Sample Output 2

No

123234 does not satisfy the conditions in the problem statement, so print No.

Sample Input 3

323132

Sample Output 3

Yes

Sample Input 4

500000

Sample Output 4

No

Problem Statement

There is one humidifier in the AtCoder company office. The current time is 0, and the humidifier has no water inside.

You will add water to this humidifier N times. The i-th addition of water (1 \leq i \leq N) takes place at time T_i, and you add V_i liters of water. It is guaranteed that T_i < T_{i+1} for all 1 \leq i \leq N-1.

However, the humidifier has a leak, and as long as there is water inside, the amount of water decreases by 1 liter per unit time.

Find the amount of water remaining in the humidifier immediately after you finish adding water at time T_N.

Constraints

• 1 \leq N \leq 100
• 1 \leq T_i \leq 100 (1 \leq i \leq N)
• 1 \leq V_i \leq 100 (1 \leq i \leq N)
• T_i < T_{i+1} (1 \leq i \leq N-1)
• All input values are integers.

Sample Input 1

4
1 3
3 1
4 4
7 1

Sample Output 1

3

At each point in time, water is added as follows:

• Time 1: Before adding, the humidifier has 0 liters. After adding 3 liters, it has 3 liters.
• Time 3: Before adding, it has 1 liter. After adding 1 liter, it has 2 liters total.
• Time 4: Before adding, it has 1 liter. After adding 4 liters, it has 5 liters total.
• Time 7: Before adding, it has 2 liters. After adding 1 liter, it has 3 liters total.

After finishing the addition at time 7, the humidifier contains 3 liters. Thus, the answer is 3.

Sample Input 2

3
1 8
10 11
21 5

Sample Output 2

5

Sample Input 3

10
2 1
22 10
26 17
29 2
45 20
47 32
72 12
75 1
81 31
97 7

Sample Output 3

57

Problem Statement

There is a simple undirected graph G with N vertices labeled with numbers 1, 2, \ldots, N.

You are given the adjacency matrix (A_{i,j}) of G. That is, G has an edge connecting vertices i and j if and only if A_{i,j} = 1.

For each i = 1, 2, \ldots, N, print the numbers of the vertices directly connected to vertex i in ascending order.

Here, vertices i and j are said to be directly connected if and only if there is an edge connecting vertices i and j.

Constraints

• 2 \leq N \leq 100
• A_{i,j} \in \lbrace 0,1 \rbrace
• A_{i,i} = 0
• A_{i,j} = A_{j,i}
• All input values are integers.

Sample Input 1

4
0 1 1 0
1 0 0 1
1 0 0 0
0 1 0 0

Sample Output 1

2 3
1 4
1
2

Vertex 1 is directly connected to vertices 2 and 3. Thus, the first line should contain 2 and 3 in this order.

Similarly, the second line should contain 1 and 4 in this order, the third line should contain 1, and the fourth line should contain 2.

Sample Input 2

2
0 0
0 0

Sample Output 2

G may have no edges.

Sample Input 3

5
0 1 0 1 1
1 0 0 1 0
0 0 0 0 1
1 1 0 0 1
1 0 1 1 0

Sample Output 3

2 4 5
1 4
5
1 2 5
1 3 4

Problem Statement

N examinees took an entrance exam.
The examinee numbered i scored A_i points in math and B_i points in English.

The admissions are determined as follows.

1. X examinees with the highest math scores are admitted.
2. Then, among the examinees who are not admitted yet, Y examinees with the highest English scores are admitted.
3. Then, among the examinees who are not admitted yet, Z examinees with the highest total scores in math and English are admitted.
4. Those examinees who are not admitted yet are rejected.

Here, in each of the steps 1. to 3., ties are broken by examinees' numbers: an examinee with the smaller examinee's number is prioritized. See also Sample Input and Output.

Print the examinees' numbers of the admitted examinees determined by the steps above in ascending order, separated by newlines.

Constraints

• All values in input are integers.
• 1 \le N \le 1000
• 0 \le X,Y,Z \le N
• 1 \le X+Y+Z \le N
• 0 \le A_i,B_i \le 100

Sample Input 1

6 1 0 2
80 60 80 60 70 70
40 20 50 90 90 80

Sample Output 1

1
4
5

• First, 1 examinee with the highest math score is admitted.
  • Examinee 1 is tied with Examinee 3, scoring the highest 80 points in math, and the tie is broken by the examinees' numbers, so Examinee 1 is admitted.
• Then, among the examinees who are not admitted yet, 0 examinees with the highest English scores are admitted.
  • Obviously, it does not affect the admissions.
• Then, among the examinees who are not admitted yet, 2 examinees with the highest total scores in math and English are admitted.
  • First, among the examinees who are not admitted yet, Examinee 5 is admitted, scoring the highest total score of 160 points.
  • Next, among the examinees who are not admitted yet, Examinee 4 is tied with Examinee 6, scoring a total score of 150 points. The tie is broken by the examinees' numbers, and Examinee 4 is admitted.

Therefore, the examinees' numbers of the admitted examinees are 1, 4, and 5. Print them in ascending order.

Sample Input 2

5 2 1 2
0 100 0 100 0
0 0 100 100 0

Sample Output 2

1
2
3
4
5

All examinees may be admitted.

Sample Input 3

15 4 3 2
30 65 20 95 100 45 70 85 20 35 95 50 40 15 85
0 25 45 35 65 70 80 90 40 55 20 20 45 75 100

Sample Output 3

2
4
5
6
7
8
11
14
15

Problem Statement

You are given a sequence of N numbers: A=(A_1,\ldots,A_N).

Determine whether there is a pair (i,j) with 1\leq i,j \leq N such that A_i-A_j=X.

Constraints

• 2 \leq N \leq 2\times 10^5
• -10^9 \leq A_i \leq 10^9
• -10^9 \leq X \leq 10^9
• All values in the input are integers.

Sample Input 1

6 5
3 1 4 1 5 9

Sample Output 1

Yes

We have A_6-A_3=9-4=5.

Sample Input 2

6 -4
-2 -7 -1 -8 -2 -8

Sample Output 2

No

There is no pair (i,j) such that A_i-A_j=-4.

Sample Input 3

2 0
141421356 17320508

Sample Output 3

Yes

We have A_1-A_1=0.

Problem Statement

You are given a string S = S_1S_2\ldots S_N of length N consisting of lowercase English letters.

Additionally, you are given Q queries about the string S. For i = 1, 2, \ldots, Q, the i-th query is represented by two integers l_i, r_i and asks the following.

In the substring S_{l_i}S_{l_i+1}\ldots S_{r_i} of S, which ranges from the l_i-th to the r_i-th character, how many places are there where the same lowercase English letter occurs twice in a row? In other words, how many integers p satisfy l_i \leq p \leq r_i-1 and S_p = S_{p+1}?

Print the answer for each of the Q queries.

Constraints

• N and Q are integers.
• 1 \leq N, Q \leq 3 \times 10^5
• S is a string of length N consisting of lowercase English letters.
• l_i and r_i are integers.
• 1 \leq l_i \leq r_i \leq N

Sample Input 1

11 4
mississippi
3 9
4 10
4 6
7 7

Sample Output 1

2
2
0
0

The answers to the four queries are as follows.

• For the first query, S_3S_4\ldots S_9 = ssissip has two places where the same lowercase English letter occurs twice in a row: S_3S_4 = ss and S_6S_7 = ss.
• For the second query, S_4S_5\ldots S_{10} = sissipp has two places where the same lowercase English letter occurs twice in a row: S_6S_7 = ss and S_9S_{10} = pp.
• For the third query, S_4S_5S_6 = sis has zero places where the same lowercase English letter occurs twice in a row.
• For the fourth query, S_7 = s has zero places where the same lowercase English letter occurs twice in a row.

Sample Input 2

5 1
aaaaa
1 5

Sample Output 2

4

S_1S_2\ldots S_5 = aaaaa has four places where the same lowercase English letter occurs twice in a row: S_1S_2 = aa, S_2S_3 = aa, S_3S_4 = aa, and S_4S_5 = aa.

Problem Statement

There are N villages on a number line. The i-th village is located at coordinate X_i, and has P_i villagers.

Answer Q queries. The i-th query is in the following format:

• Given integers L_i and R_i, find the total number of villagers living in villages located between coordinates L_i and R_i, inclusive.

Constraints

• 1\leq N,Q\leq 2\times 10^5
• -10^9\leq X_1 < X_2 < \ldots < X_N \leq 10^9
• 1\leq P_i\leq 10^9
• -10^9\leq L_i \leq R_i \leq 10^9
• All input values are integers.

Sample Input 1

4
1 3 5 7
1 2 3 4
4
1 1
2 6
0 10
2 2

Sample Output 1

1
5
10
0

Consider the first query. The villages between coordinates 1 and 1 are the village at coordinate 1, with 1 villager. Hence, the answer is 1.

Consider the second query. The villages between coordinates 2 and 6 are the villages at coordinates 3 and 5, with 2 and 3 villagers, respectively. Hence, the answer is 2+3=5.

Sample Input 2

7
-10 -5 -3 -1 0 1 4
2 5 6 5 2 1 7
8
-7 7
-1 5
-10 -4
-8 10
-5 0
-10 5
-8 7
-8 -3

Sample Output 2

26
15
7
26
18
28
26
11

Problem Statement

There are N towns numbered 1, \dots, N, and M roads numbered 1, \dots, M.
Every road is directed; road i (1 \leq i \leq M) leads you from Town A_i to Town B_i. The length of road i is C_i.

You are given a sequence E = (E_1, \dots, E_K) of length K consisting of integers between 1 and M. A way of traveling from town 1 to town N using roads is called a good path if:

• the sequence of the roads' numbers arranged in the order used in the path is a subsequence of E.

Note that a subsequence of a sequence is a sequence obtained by removing 0 or more elements from the original sequence and concatenating the remaining elements without changing the order.

Find the minimum sum of the lengths of the roads used in a good path.
If there is no good path, report that fact.

Constraints

• 2 \leq N \leq 2 \times 10^5
• 1 \leq M, K \leq 2 \times 10^5
• 1 \leq A_i, B_i \leq N, A_i \neq B_i \, (1 \leq i \leq M)
• 1 \leq C_i \leq 10^9 \, (1 \leq i \leq M)
• 1 \leq E_i \leq M \, (1 \leq i \leq K)
• All values in the input are integers.

Sample Input 1

3 4 4
1 2 2
2 3 2
1 3 3
1 3 5
4 2 1 2

Sample Output 1

4

There are two possible good paths as follows:

• Using road 4. In this case, the sum of the length of the used road is 5.
• Using road 1 and 2 in this order. In this case, the sum of the lengths of the used roads is 2 + 2 = 4.

Therefore, the desired minimum value is 4.

Sample Input 2

3 2 3
1 2 1
2 3 1
2 1 1

Sample Output 2

-1

There is no good path.

Sample Input 3

4 4 5
3 2 2
1 3 5
2 4 7
3 4 10
2 4 1 4 3

Sample Output 3

14

Problem Statement

There is a grid with N rows and N columns. Let (i,j) denote the square at the i-th row from the top and j-th column from the left.

Takahashi is initially at square (1,1) with zero money.

When Takahashi is at square (i,j), he can perform one of the following in one action:

• Stay at the same square and increase his money by P_{i,j}.
• Pay R_{i,j} from his money and move to square (i,j+1).
• Pay D_{i,j} from his money and move to square (i+1,j).

He cannot make a move that would make his money negative or take him outside the grid.

If Takahashi acts optimally, how many actions does he need to reach square (N,N)?

Constraints

• 2 \leq N \leq 80
• 1 \leq P_{i,j} \leq 10^9
• 1 \leq R_{i,j},D_{i,j} \leq 10^9
• All input values are integers.

Sample Input 1

3
1 2 3
3 1 2
2 1 1
1 2
4 3
4 2
1 5 7
5 3 3

Sample Output 1

8

It is possible to reach square (3,3) in eight actions as follows:

• Stay at square (1,1) and increase money by 1. His money is now 1.
• Pay 1 money and move to square (2,1). His money is now 0.
• Stay at square (2,1) and increase money by 3. His money is now 3.
• Stay at square (2,1) and increase money by 3. His money is now 6.
• Stay at square (2,1) and increase money by 3. His money is now 9.
• Pay 4 money and move to square (2,2). His money is now 5.
• Pay 3 money and move to square (3,2). His money is now 2.
• Pay 2 money and move to square (3,3). His money is now 0.

Sample Input 2

3
1 1 1
1 1 1
1 1 1
1000000000 1000000000
1000000000 1000000000
1000000000 1000000000
1000000000 1000000000 1000000000
1000000000 1000000000 1000000000

Sample Output 2

4000000004