Problem Statement

You are given a string S of length 3 consisting of lowercase English letters.

How many different strings can be obtained by permuting the characters in S?

Constraints

• S is a string S of length 3 consisting of lowercase English letters.

Sample Input 1

aba

Sample Output 1

3

By permuting the characters in S= aba, three different strings can be obtained: aab, aba, baa.

Sample Input 2

ccc

Sample Output 2

1

By permuting the characters in S= ccc, just one string can be obtained: ccc.

Sample Input 3

xyz

Sample Output 3

6

By permuting the characters in S= xyz, six different strings can be obtained: xyz, xzy, yxz, yzx, zxy, zyx.

Problem Statement

Three people live in Takahashi's house: Takahashi, his father, and his mother. All of them wash their hair in the bathroom each night.
His father, his mother, and Takahashi take a bath in this order and use A, B, and C milliliters of shampoo, respectively.

This morning, the bottle contained V milliliters of shampoo. Without refilling, who will be the first to run short of shampoo to wash their hair?

Constraints

• 1 \leq V,A,B,C \leq 10^5
• All values in input are integers.

Sample Input 1

25 10 11 12

Sample Output 1

T

Now, they have 25 milliliters of shampoo.

• First, Takahashi's father uses 10 milliliters, leaving 15.
• Next, Takahashi's mother uses 11 milliliters, leaving 4.
• Finally, Takahashi tries to use 12 milliliters and runs short of shampoo since only 4 is remaining.

Sample Input 2

30 10 10 10

Sample Output 2

F

Now, they have 30 milliliters of shampoo.

• First, Takahashi's father uses 10 milliliters, leaving 20.
• Next, Takahashi's mother uses 10 milliliters, leaving 10.
• Then, Takahashi uses 10 milliliters, leaving 0.
• Next day, Takahashi's father tries to use 10 milliliters and runs short of shampoo since only 0 is remaining.

Sample Input 3

100000 1 1 1

Sample Output 3

M

Problem Statement

You are given an H-by-W matrix A.
The element at the i-th row from the top and j-th column from the left of A is A_{i,j}.

Let B be a W-by-H matrix whose element at the i-th row from the top and j-th column from the left equals A_{j, i}.
That is, B is the transpose of A.

Print B.

Constraints

• 1\leq H,W \leq 10^5
• H \times W \leq 10^5
• 1 \leq A_{i,j} \leq 10^9
• All values in input are integers.

Sample Input 1

4 3
1 2 3
4 5 6
7 8 9
10 11 12

Sample Output 1

1 4 7 10
2 5 8 11
3 6 9 12

For example, we have A_{2,1}=4, so the element at the 1-st row from the top and 2-nd column from the left of the transpose B is 4.

Sample Input 2

2 2
1000000000 1000000000
1000000000 1000000000

Sample Output 2

1000000000 1000000000
1000000000 1000000000

Problem Statement

You are given a string S consisting of uppercase English letters and digits. Determine whether S satisfies the following condition.

• S is a concatenation of the following characters and string in the order listed.
  • An uppercase English letter
  • A string of length 6 that is a decimal representation of an integer between 100000 and 999999, inclusive
  • An uppercase English letter

Constraints

• S consists of uppercase English letters and digits.
• The length of S is between 1 and 10, inclusive.

Sample Input 1

Q142857Z

Sample Output 1

Yes

S is a concatenation of Q, 142857, and Z in this order.
Q and Z are uppercase English letters, and 142857 is a string of length 6 that is a decimal representation of an integer between 100000 and 999999, so S satisfies the condition.

Sample Input 2

AB912278C

Sample Output 2

No

AB is not an uppercase English letter, so S does not satisfy the condition.

Sample Input 3

X900000

Sample Output 3

No

The last character of S is not an uppercase English letter, so S does not satisfy the condition.

Sample Input 4

K012345K

Sample Output 4

No

012345 is not a string of length 6 that is a decimal representation of an integer between 100000 and 999999, so S does not satisfy the condition.

Problem Statement

For two strings A and B, let A+B denote the concatenation of A and B in this order.

You are given N strings S_1,\ldots,S_N. Modify and print them as follows, in the order i=1, \ldots, N:

• if none of S_1,\ldots,S_{i-1} is equal to S_i, print S_i;
• if X (X>0) of S_1,\ldots,S_{i-1} are equal to S_i, print S_i+ ( +X+ ), treating X as a string.

Constraints

• 1 \leq N \leq 2\times 10^5
• S_i is a string of length between 1 and 10 (inclusive) consisting of lowercase English letters.

Sample Input 1

5
newfile
newfile
newfolder
newfile
newfolder

Sample Output 1

newfile
newfile(1)
newfolder
newfile(2)
newfolder(1)

Sample Input 2

11
a
a
a
a
a
a
a
a
a
a
a

Sample Output 2

a
a(1)
a(2)
a(3)
a(4)
a(5)
a(6)
a(7)
a(8)
a(9)
a(10)

Problem Statement

You are given a sequence A=(A_1,A_2,\dots,A_{3N}) of length 3N where each of 1,2,\dots, and N occurs exactly three times.

For i=1,2,\dots,N, let f(i) be the index of the middle occurrence of i in A. Sort 1,2,\dots,N in ascending order of f(i).

Formally, f(i) is defined as follows.

• Suppose that those j such that A_j = i are j=\alpha,\beta,\gamma\ (\alpha < \beta < \gamma). Then, f(i) = \beta.

Constraints

• 1\leq N \leq 10^5
• 1 \leq A_j \leq N
• i occurs in A exactly three times, for each i=1,2,\dots,N.
• All input values are integers.

Sample Input 1

3
1 1 3 2 3 2 2 3 1

Sample Output 1

1 3 2

• 1 occurs in A at A_1,A_2,A_9, so f(1) = 2.
• 2 occurs in A at A_4,A_6,A_7, so f(2) = 6.
• 3 occurs in A at A_3,A_5,A_8, so f(3) = 5.

Thus, f(1) < f(3) < f(2), so 1,3, and 2 should be printed in this order.

Sample Input 2

1
1 1 1

Sample Output 2

1

Sample Input 3

4
2 3 4 3 4 1 3 1 1 4 2 2

Sample Output 3

3 4 1 2

Problem Statement

A pair of sequences of length M consisting of positive integers at most N, (S, T) = ((S_1, S_2, \dots, S_M), (T_1, T_2, \dots, T_M)), is said to be a good pair of sequences when (S, T) satisfies the following condition.

• There exists a sequence X = (X_1, X_2, \dots, X_N) of length N consisting of 0 and 1 that satisfies the following condition:
  • X_{S_i} \neq X_{T_i} for each i=1, 2, \dots, M.

You are given a pair of sequences of length M consisting of positive integers at most N: (A, B) = ((A_1, A_2, \dots, A_M), (B_1, B_2, \dots, B_M)). If (A, B) is a good pair of sequences, print Yes; otherwise, print No.

Constraints

• 1 \leq N, M \leq 2 \times 10^5
• 1 \leq A_i, B_i \leq N
• All input values are integers.

Sample Input 1

3 2
1 2
2 3

Sample Output 1

Yes

If we set X=(0,1,0), then X is a sequence of length N consisting of 0 and 1 that satisfies X_{A_1} \neq X_{B_1} and X_{A_2} \neq X_{B_2}.
Thus, (A, B) satisfies the condition of being a good pair of sequences.

Sample Input 2

3 3
1 2 3
2 3 1

Sample Output 2

No

No sequence X satisfies the condition, so (A, B) is not a good pair of sequences.

Sample Input 3

10 1
1
1

Sample Output 3

No

Sample Input 4

7 8
1 6 2 7 5 4 2 2
3 2 7 2 1 2 3 3

Sample Output 4

Yes

Problem Statement

You are given a sequence of positive integers of length N: A=(A_1,A_2,\ldots,A_N). Find the number of triples of positive integers (i,j,k) that satisfy all of the following conditions:

• 1\leq i < j < k\leq N,
• A_i = A_k,
• A_i \neq A_j.

Constraints

• 3\leq N\leq 3\times 10^5
• 1\leq A_i \leq N
• All input values are integers.

Sample Input 1

5
1 2 1 3 2

Sample Output 1

3

The following three triples of positive integers (i,j,k) satisfy the conditions:

• (i,j,k)=(1,2,3)
• (i,j,k)=(2,3,5)
• (i,j,k)=(2,4,5)

Sample Input 2

7
1 2 3 4 5 6 7

Sample Output 2

0

There may be no triples of positive integers (i,j,k) that satisfy the conditions.

Sample Input 3

13
9 7 11 7 3 8 1 13 11 11 11 6 13

Sample Output 3

20

Problem Statement

Snuke is planning on giving one gift each to Takahashi and Aoki.
There are N candidates for the gifts. Takahashi's impression of the i-th candidate is A_i, and Aoki's impression of it is B_i.

The two are very jealous. If Takahashi's impression of the gift Aoki gets is greater than Takahashi's impression of the gift Takahashi gets, Takahashi gets jealous of Aoki and starts fighting, and vice versa.

Among the N^2 possible ways of giving the gifts, how many do not lead to fighting?

Constraints

• 1 \leq N \leq 2\times 10^5
• 0 \leq A_i \leq 10^9
• 0 \leq B_i \leq 10^9
• All values in input are integers.

Sample Input 1

3
50 100 150
1 3 2

Sample Output 1

4

For example, if we give the 1-st candidate to Takahashi and the 2-nd candidate to Aoki, Takahashi's impression of the gift Aoki gets is 100, while Takahashi's impression of the gift Takahashi gets is 50, so Takahashi gets jealous of Aoki and starts fighting.

As another example, if we give the 3-rd candidate to Takahashi and the 2-nd candidate to Aoki, the two will not start fighting.

Note that it is allowed to give the same gift to the two.

Sample Input 2

3
123456789 123456 123
987 987654 987654321

Sample Output 2

6

Sample Input 3

10
3 1 4 1 5 9 2 6 5 3
2 7 1 8 2 8 1 8 2 8

Sample Output 3

37